I promised myself, I’d stop political discussions affinity sites but I just need to set the record straight.
There were multiple causes for the first downturn in 1929. These include the structural weaknesses and specific events that turned it into a major depression and the manner in which the downturn spread from country to country. In relation to the 1929 downturn, historians emphasize structural factors like massive bank failures and the stock market crash. In contrast, other economists (such as Barry Eichengreen, Milton Friedman and Peter Temin) point to monetary factors such as actions by the US Federal Reserve that contracted the money supply, as well as Britain's decision to return to the Gold Standard at pre–World War I parities. President Herbert Hoover, self-described progressive and reformer, started numerous programs, all of which failed to reverse the downturn. (The 1929 crash occurred in his ninth month of office). In June 1930 Congress approved the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act which raised tariffs on thousands of imported items. The intent of the Act was to encourage the purchase of American-made products by increasing the cost of imported goods, while raising revenue for the federal government and protecting farmers. However, other nations increased tariffs on American-made goods in retaliation, reducing international trade, and worsening the Depression. Then there was also the dustbowl climatic conditions that made for an agricultural economic disaster. Blaming Hoover for the depression makes as much sense as the screeching to blame Bush. Like Bush, he didn’t create it, but his policies inhibited recovery from it. Hoover did (with Congress); compound its effects with protectionist measures currently being advocated by the unions and many Democrats). Hoover had never held major leadership office before his presidency and a was progressive who was simply overwhelmed by events, (not unlike our current president).
The common view among economic historians is that the Great Depression ended with the advent of World War II. Many economists believe that government spending on the war caused or at least accelerated recovery from the Great Depression. However, some consider that it did not play a very large role in the recovery, although it did help in reducing unemployment. America's entry into the war in 1941 finally eliminated the last effects from the Great Depression and brought the unemployment rate down below 10%. In the U.S., massive war spending doubled economic growth rates, either masking the effects of the Depression or essentially ending the Depression. Businessmen ignored the mounting national debt and heavy new taxes, redoubling their efforts for greater output to take advantage of generous government contracts.
But Roosevelt was responsible for the post-depression recovery in a different way.
In truth, in the U.S.,if you really want to take Democrat President Roosevelt successful approach, I guarantee it would work.
First, pull a few million people out of the workforce to fight a world war and only pay them subsistence wages for 5 or so years. This allows them to build consumer product demand. It also gets new individuals into the workforce. Kill off about half a million of them (combat and other deaths), maim about twice that to further create a massive labor shortage. Give them all basic training to teach all of them to work in teams, take responsibility and achieve goals. Get them physically and mentally fit. Give them all fundamental occupational skills training. Give them discipline. If they have so much as a dirty rifle (a court martial offense at the time) put them in jail. Then systematically obliterate every city and factory in Germany and Japan to eliminate the competition. As an added bonus, your allies also are heavily bombarded to limit their industrial capacity as well. Use your army to seize all the natural resources you want through occupation. And voila, the U.S. economy will boom when the troops get out of the military and get married, buy cars and houses and the U.S.A. rebuilds the world and life is good.
The other extreme is what we are seeing. The stock market appears to be up because the FED is printing money like crazy. You aren’t seeing stock value rise, you’re seeing stock prices increase. The penalty is what we’re seeing at the pump, the grocery store and the commodity markets and will only get worse.
Until we have a government that is economically stable, the crisis will deepen. You can’t borrow 40% (and exponentially growing) of what you spend without the certain eventual collision of interest on the debt exceeding not only the debt principal but the gross domestic product as well. This renders the subsequent collapse of the monetary system. You can't afford a government that is big enough to micromanage the light bulbs you use, the weight of your children, how much of your earnings you are allowed to keep and the "freedom from being offended or suffering failure" culture it wishes to impose.